Step 4: Walk Through the Sample Code

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Web.Services.Protocols;
using Walkthrough.sforce;

namespace Walkthrough
{

   class QuickstartApiSample
   {
      private SforceService binding;

      [STAThread]
      static void Main(string[] args)
      {
         QuickstartApiSample sample = new QuickstartApiSample();
         sample.run();
      }

      public void run()
      {
         // Make a login call 
         if (login())
         {
            // Do a describe global 
            describeGlobalSample();

            // Describe an account object 
            describeSObjectsSample();

            // Retrieve some data using a query 
            querySample();

            // Log out
            logout();
         }
      }

      private bool login()
      {
         Console.Write("Enter username: ");
         string username = Console.ReadLine();
         Console.Write("Enter password: ");
         string password = Console.ReadLine();

         // Create a service object 
         binding = new SforceService();

         // Timeout after a minute 
         binding.Timeout = 60000;

         // Try logging in   
         LoginResult lr;
         try
         {

            Console.WriteLine("\nLogging in...\n");
            lr = binding.login(username, password);
         }

         // ApiFault is a proxy stub generated from the WSDL contract when     
         // the web service was imported 
         catch (SoapException e)
         {
            // Write the fault code to the console 
            Console.WriteLine(e.Code);

            // Write the fault message to the console 
            Console.WriteLine("An unexpected error has occurred: " + e.Message);

            // Write the stack trace to the console 
            Console.WriteLine(e.StackTrace);

            // Return False to indicate that the login was not successful 
            return false;
         }



         // Check if the password has expired 
         if (lr.passwordExpired)
         {
            Console.WriteLine("An error has occurred. Your password has expired.");
            return false;
         }


         /** Once the client application has logged in successfully, it will use
          * the results of the login call to reset the endpoint of the service
          * to the virtual server instance that is servicing your organization
          */
         // Save old authentication end point URL
         String authEndPoint = binding.Url;
         // Set returned service endpoint URL
         binding.Url = lr.serverUrl;

         /** The sample client application now has an instance of the SforceService
          * that is pointing to the correct endpoint. Next, the sample client
          * application sets a persistent SOAP header (to be included on all
          * subsequent calls that are made with SforceService) that contains the
          * valid sessionId for our login credentials. To do this, the sample
          * client application creates a new SessionHeader object and persist it to
          * the SforceService. Add the session ID returned from the login to the
          * session header
          */
         binding.SessionHeaderValue = new SessionHeader();
         binding.SessionHeaderValue.sessionId = lr.sessionId;

         printUserInfo(lr, authEndPoint);

         // Return true to indicate that we are logged in, pointed  
         // at the right URL and have our security token in place.     
         return true;
      }

      private void printUserInfo(LoginResult lr, String authEP)
      {
         try
         {
            GetUserInfoResult userInfo = lr.userInfo;

            Console.WriteLine("\nLogging in ...\n");
            Console.WriteLine("UserID: " + userInfo.userId);
            Console.WriteLine("User Full Name: " +
                userInfo.userFullName);
            Console.WriteLine("User Email: " +
                userInfo.userEmail);
            Console.WriteLine();
            Console.WriteLine("SessionID: " +
                lr.sessionId);
            Console.WriteLine("Auth End Point: " +
                authEP);
            Console.WriteLine("Service End Point: " +
                lr.serverUrl);
            Console.WriteLine();
         }
         catch (SoapException e)
         {
            Console.WriteLine("An unexpected error has occurred: " + e.Message +
                " Stack trace: " + e.StackTrace);
         }
      }

      private void logout()
      {
         try
         {
            binding.logout();
            Console.WriteLine("Logged out.");
         }
         catch (SoapException e)
         {
            // Write the fault code to the console 
            Console.WriteLine(e.Code);

            // Write the fault message to the console 
            Console.WriteLine("An unexpected error has occurred: " + e.Message);

            // Write the stack trace to the console 
            Console.WriteLine(e.StackTrace);
         }
      }

      /**
      * To determine the objects that are available to the logged-in
      * user, the sample client application executes a describeGlobal
      * call, which returns all of the objects that are visible to
      * the logged-in user. This call should not be made more than
      * once per session, as the data returned from the call likely
      * does not change frequently. The DescribeGlobalResult is
      * simply echoed to the console.
      */
      private void describeGlobalSample()
      {
         try
         {
            // describeGlobal() returns an array of object results that  
            // includes the object names that are available to the logged-in user. 
            DescribeGlobalResult dgr = binding.describeGlobal();

            Console.WriteLine("\nDescribe Global Results:\n");
            // Loop through the array echoing the object names to the console             
            for (int i = 0; i < dgr.sobjects.Length; i++)
            {
               Console.WriteLine(dgr.sobjects[i].name);
            }
         }
         catch (SoapException e)
         {
            Console.WriteLine("An exception has occurred: " + e.Message +
                "\nStack trace: " + e.StackTrace);
         }
      }

      /**
      * The following method illustrates the type of metadata
      * information that can be obtained for each object available
      * to the user. The sample client application executes a
      * describeSObject call on a given object and then echoes  
      * the returned metadata information to the console. Object
      * metadata information includes permissions, field types
      * and length and available values for picklist fields
      * and types for referenceTo fields.
      */
      private void describeSObjectsSample()
      {
         Console.Write("\nType the name of the object to " +
             "describe (try Account): ");
         string objectType = Console.ReadLine();
         try
         {

            // Call describeSObjects() passing in an array with one object type name 
            DescribeSObjectResult[] dsrArray =
                  binding.describeSObjects(new string[] { objectType });

            // Since we described only one sObject, we should have only
            // one element in the DescribeSObjectResult array.
            DescribeSObjectResult dsr = dsrArray[0];

            // First, get some object properties                  
            Console.WriteLine("\n\nObject Name: " + dsr.name);

            if (dsr.custom) Console.WriteLine("Custom Object");
            if (dsr.label != null) Console.WriteLine("Label: " + dsr.label);

            // Get the permissions on the object 
            if (dsr.createable) Console.WriteLine("Createable");
            if (dsr.deletable) Console.WriteLine("Deleteable");
            if (dsr.queryable) Console.WriteLine("Queryable");
            if (dsr.replicateable) Console.WriteLine("Replicateable");
            if (dsr.retrieveable) Console.WriteLine("Retrieveable");
            if (dsr.searchable) Console.WriteLine("Searchable");
            if (dsr.undeletable) Console.WriteLine("Undeleteable");
            if (dsr.updateable) Console.WriteLine("Updateable");

            Console.WriteLine("Number of fields: " + dsr.fields.Length);

            // Now, retrieve metadata for each field
            for (int i = 0; i < dsr.fields.Length; i++)
            {
               // Get the field 
               Field field = dsr.fields[i];

               // Write some field properties
               Console.WriteLine("Field name: " + field.name);
               Console.WriteLine("\tField Label: " + field.label);

               // This next property indicates that this  
               // field is searched when using 
               // the name search group in SOSL 
               if (field.nameField)
                  Console.WriteLine("\tThis is a name field.");

               if (field.restrictedPicklist)
                  Console.WriteLine("This is a RESTRICTED picklist field.");

               Console.WriteLine("\tType is: " + field.type.ToString());

               if (field.length > 0)
                  Console.WriteLine("\tLength: " + field.length);

               if (field.scale > 0)
                  Console.WriteLine("\tScale: " + field.scale);

               if (field.precision > 0)
                  Console.WriteLine("\tPrecision: " + field.precision);

               if (field.digits > 0)
                  Console.WriteLine("\tDigits: " + field.digits);

               if (field.custom)
                  Console.WriteLine("\tThis is a custom field.");

               // Write the permissions of this field
               if (field.nillable) Console.WriteLine("\tCan be nulled.");
               if (field.createable) Console.WriteLine("\tCreateable");
               if (field.filterable) Console.WriteLine("\tFilterable");
               if (field.updateable) Console.WriteLine("\tUpdateable");

               // If this is a picklist field, show the picklist values   
               if (field.type.Equals(fieldType.picklist))
               {
                  Console.WriteLine("\tPicklist Values");
                  for (int j = 0; j < field.picklistValues.Length; j++)
                     Console.WriteLine("\t\t" + field.picklistValues[j].value);
               }

               // If this is a foreign key field (reference),     
               // show the values 
               if (field.type.Equals(fieldType.reference))
               {
                  Console.WriteLine("\tCan reference these objects:");
                  for (int j = 0; j < field.referenceTo.Length; j++)
                     Console.WriteLine("\t\t" + field.referenceTo[j]);
               }
               Console.WriteLine("");
            }
         }
         catch (SoapException e)
         {
            Console.WriteLine("An exception has occurred: " + e.Message +
                "\nStack trace: " + e.StackTrace);
         }
         Console.WriteLine("Press ENTER to continue...");
         Console.ReadLine();
      }

      private void querySample()
      {
         String soqlQuery = "SELECT FirstName, LastName FROM Contact";
         try
         {
            QueryResult qr = binding.query(soqlQuery);
            bool done = false;

            if (qr.size > 0)
            {
               Console.WriteLine("Logged-in user can see "
                     + qr.records.Length + " contact records.");

               while (!done)
               {
                  Console.WriteLine("");
                  sObject[] records = qr.records;
                  for (int i = 0; i < records.Length; i++)
                  {
                     Contact con = (Contact)records[i];
                     string fName = con.FirstName;
                     string lName = con.LastName;
                     if (fName == null)
                        Console.WriteLine("Contact " + (i + 1) + ": " + lName);
                     else
                        Console.WriteLine("Contact " + (i + 1) + ": " + fName
                               + " " + lName);
                  }

                  if (qr.done)
                  {
                     done = true;
                  }
                  else
                  {
                     qr = binding.queryMore(qr.queryLocator);
                  }
               }
            }
            else
            {
               Console.WriteLine("No records found.");
            }
         }
         catch (Exception ex)
         {
            Console.WriteLine("\nFailed to execute query succesfully," +
                "error message was: \n{0}", ex.Message);
         }
         Console.WriteLine("\nPress ENTER to continue...");
         Console.ReadLine();
      }
   }
}

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

using System.ServiceModel;
using Walkthrough.sforce;

namespace Walkthrough
{
    class QuickstartApiSample
    {
        private static SoapClient loginClient; // for login endpoint
        private static SoapClient client; // for API endpoint
        private static SessionHeader header;
        private static EndpointAddress endpoint;

        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            QuickstartApiSample sample = new QuickstartApiSample();
            sample.run();
        }

        public void run()
        {
            // Make a login call 
            if (login())
            {
                // Do a describe global 
                describeGlobalSample();

                // Describe an account object 
                describeSObjectsSample();

                // Retrieve some data using a query 
                querySample();

                // Log out
                logout();
            }
        }

        private bool login()
        {
            Console.Write("Enter username: ");
            string username = Console.ReadLine();
            Console.Write("Enter password: ");
            string password = Console.ReadLine();

            // Create a SoapClient specifically for logging in
            loginClient = new SoapClient();

            // (combine pw and token if necessary)
            LoginResult lr;
            try
            {
                Console.WriteLine("\nLogging in...\n");
                lr = loginClient.login(null, username, password);
            }
            catch (Exception e)
            {
                // Write the fault message to the console 
                Console.WriteLine("An unexpected error has occurred: " + e.Message);

                // Write the stack trace to the console 
                Console.WriteLine(e.StackTrace);
                return false;
            }

            // Check if the password has expired 
            if (lr.passwordExpired)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("An error has occurred. Your password has expired.");
                return false;
            }

            /** Once the client application has logged in successfully, it will use
             * the results of the login call to reset the endpoint of the service
             * to the virtual server instance that is servicing your organization
             */

            // On successful login, cache session info and API endpoint info
            endpoint = new EndpointAddress(lr.serverUrl);

            /** The sample client application now has a cached EndpointAddress
            * that is pointing to the correct endpoint. Next, the sample client
            * application sets a persistent SOAP header that contains the
            * valid sessionId for our login credentials. To do this, the sample
            * client application creates a new SessionHeader object. Add the session 
            * ID returned from the login to the session header
            */
            header = new SessionHeader();
            header.sessionId = lr.sessionId;

            // Create and cache an API endpoint client
            client = new SoapClient("Soap", endpoint);

            printUserInfo(lr, lr.serverUrl);

            // Return true to indicate that we are logged in, pointed  
            // at the right URL and have our security token in place. 
            return true;
        }

        private void printUserInfo(LoginResult lr, String authEP)
        {
            try
            {
                GetUserInfoResult userInfo = lr.userInfo;

                Console.WriteLine("\nLogging in ...\n");
                Console.WriteLine("UserID: " + userInfo.userId);
                Console.WriteLine("User Full Name: " +
                    userInfo.userFullName);
                Console.WriteLine("User Email: " +
                    userInfo.userEmail);
                Console.WriteLine();
                Console.WriteLine("SessionID: " +
                    lr.sessionId);
                Console.WriteLine("Auth End Point: " +
                    authEP);
                Console.WriteLine("Service End Point: " +
                    lr.serverUrl);
                Console.WriteLine();
            }
            catch (Exception e)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("An unexpected error has occurred: " + e.Message +
                    " Stack trace: " + e.StackTrace);
            }
        }

        private void logout()
        {
            try
            {
                client.logout(header);
                Console.WriteLine("Logged out.");
            }
            catch (Exception e)
            {
                // Write the fault message to the console 
                Console.WriteLine("An unexpected error has occurred: " + e.Message);

                // Write the stack trace to the console 
                Console.WriteLine(e.StackTrace);
            }
        }

        /**
        * To determine the objects that are available to the logged-in
        * user, the sample client application executes a describeGlobal
        * call, which returns all of the objects that are visible to
        * the logged-in user. This call should not be made more than
        * once per session, as the data returned from the call likely
        * does not change frequently. The DescribeGlobalResult is
        * simply echoed to the console.
        */
        private void describeGlobalSample()
        {
            try
            {
                // describeGlobal() returns an array of object results that  
                // includes the object names that are available to the logged-in user. 
                DescribeGlobalResult dgr = client.describeGlobal(
                          header, // session header
                          null // package version header
                          );

                Console.WriteLine("\nDescribe Global Results:\n");
                // Loop through the array echoing the object names to the console             
                for (int i = 0; i < dgr.sobjects.Length; i++)
                {
                    Console.WriteLine(dgr.sobjects[i].name);
                }
            }
            catch (Exception e)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("An exception has occurred: " + e.Message +
                    "\nStack trace: " + e.StackTrace);
            }
        }

        /**
        * The following method illustrates the type of metadata
        * information that can be obtained for each object available
        * to the user. The sample client application executes a
        * describeSObject call on a given object and then echoes  
        * the returned metadata information to the console. Object
        * metadata information includes permissions, field types
        * and length and available values for picklist fields
        * and types for referenceTo fields.
        */
        private void describeSObjectsSample()
        {
            Console.Write("\nType the name of the object to " +
                 "describe (try Account): ");
            string objectType = Console.ReadLine();
            try
            {

                // Call describeSObjects() passing in an array with one object type name 
                DescribeSObjectResult[] dsrArray =
                      client.describeSObjects(
                        header, // session header
                        null, // package version header
                        null, // locale options
                        new string[] { objectType } // object name array
                        );

                // Since we described only one sObject, we should have only
                // one element in the DescribeSObjectResult array.
                DescribeSObjectResult dsr = dsrArray[0];

                // First, get some object properties                  
                Console.WriteLine("\n\nObject Name: " + dsr.name);

                if (dsr.custom) Console.WriteLine("Custom Object");
                if (dsr.label != null) Console.WriteLine("Label: " + dsr.label);

                // Get the permissions on the object 
                if (dsr.createable) Console.WriteLine("Createable");
                if (dsr.deletable) Console.WriteLine("Deleteable");
                if (dsr.queryable) Console.WriteLine("Queryable");
                if (dsr.replicateable) Console.WriteLine("Replicateable");
                if (dsr.retrieveable) Console.WriteLine("Retrieveable");
                if (dsr.searchable) Console.WriteLine("Searchable");
                if (dsr.undeletable) Console.WriteLine("Undeleteable");
                if (dsr.updateable) Console.WriteLine("Updateable");

                Console.WriteLine("Number of fields: " + dsr.fields.Length);

                // Now, retrieve metadata for each field
                for (int i = 0; i < dsr.fields.Length; i++)
                {
                    // Get the field 
                    Field field = dsr.fields[i];

                    // Write some field properties
                    Console.WriteLine("Field name: " + field.name);
                    Console.WriteLine("\tField Label: " + field.label);

                    // This next property indicates that this  
                    // field is searched when using 
                    // the name search group in SOSL 
                    if (field.nameField)
                        Console.WriteLine("\tThis is a name field.");

                    if (field.restrictedPicklist)
                        Console.WriteLine("This is a RESTRICTED picklist field.");

                    Console.WriteLine("\tType is: " + field.type.ToString());

                    if (field.length > 0)
                        Console.WriteLine("\tLength: " + field.length);

                    if (field.scale > 0)
                        Console.WriteLine("\tScale: " + field.scale);

                    if (field.precision > 0)
                        Console.WriteLine("\tPrecision: " + field.precision);

                    if (field.digits > 0)
                        Console.WriteLine("\tDigits: " + field.digits);

                    if (field.custom)
                        Console.WriteLine("\tThis is a custom field.");

                    // Write the permissions of this field
                    if (field.nillable) Console.WriteLine("\tCan be nulled.");
                    if (field.createable) Console.WriteLine("\tCreateable");
                    if (field.filterable) Console.WriteLine("\tFilterable");
                    if (field.updateable) Console.WriteLine("\tUpdateable");

                    // If this is a picklist field, show the picklist values   
                    if (field.type.Equals(fieldType.picklist))
                    {
                        Console.WriteLine("\tPicklist Values");
                        for (int j = 0; j < field.picklistValues.Length; j++)
                            Console.WriteLine("\t\t" + field.picklistValues[j].value);
                    }

                    // If this is a foreign key field (reference),     
                    // show the values 
                    if (field.type.Equals(fieldType.reference))
                    {
                        Console.WriteLine("\tCan reference these objects:");
                        for (int j = 0; j < field.referenceTo.Length; j++)
                            Console.WriteLine("\t\t" + field.referenceTo[j]);
                    }
                    Console.WriteLine("");
                }
            }
            catch (Exception e)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("An exception has occurred: " + e.Message +
                    "\nStack trace: " + e.StackTrace);
            }
            Console.WriteLine("Press ENTER to continue...");
            Console.ReadLine();
        }

        private void querySample()
        {
            String soqlQuery = "SELECT FirstName, LastName FROM Contact";
            try
            {
                QueryResult qr = client.query(
                    header, // session header
                    null, // query options
                    null, // mru options
                    null, // package version header
                    soqlQuery // query string
                    );

                bool done = false;

                if (qr.size > 0)
                {
                    Console.WriteLine("Logged-in user can see "
                        + qr.records.Length + " contact records.");

                    while (!done)
                    {
                        Console.WriteLine("");
                        sObject[] records = qr.records;
                        for (int i = 0; i < records.Length; i++)
                        {
                            Contact con = (Contact)records[i];
                            string fName = con.FirstName;
                            string lName = con.LastName;
                            if (fName == null)
                                Console.WriteLine("Contact " + (i + 1) + ": " + lName);
                            else
                                Console.WriteLine("Contact " + (i + 1) + ": " + fName
                                   + " " + lName);
                        }

                        if (qr.done)
                        {
                            done = true;
                        }
                        else
                        {
                            qr = client.queryMore(
                                    header, // session header
                                    null, // query options
                                    qr.queryLocator // query locator
                                    );
                        }
                    }
                }
                else
                {
                   Console.WriteLine("No records found.");
                }
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("\nFailed to execute query succesfully," +
                    "error message was: \n{0}", ex.Message);
            }
            Console.WriteLine("\nPress ENTER to continue...");
            Console.ReadLine();
        }
    }
}