# GROUP BY ROLLUP

Use the `GROUP BY ROLLUP` optional clause in a SOQL query to add subtotals for aggregated data in query results. This action enables the query to calculate subtotals so that you don’t have to maintain that logic in your code.

You can use `GROUP BY ROLLUP` with [aggregate functions](/docs/platform/salesforce-soql-sosl/guide/sforce-api-calls-soql-select-agg-functions.md), such as `SUM()` and `COUNT(fieldName)`.

```soql
[GROUP BY ROLLUP (fieldName[,...])]
```

A query with a `GROUP BY ROLLUP` clause returns the same aggregated data as an equivalent query with a `GROUP BY` clause. It also returns multiple levels of subtotal rows. You can include up to three fields in a comma-separated list in a `GROUP BY ROLLUP` clause.

The `GROUP BY ROLLUP` clause adds subtotals at different levels, aggregating from right to left through the list of grouping columns. The order of rollup fields is important. A query that includes three rollup fields returns the following rows for totals:

- First-level subtotals for each combination of fieldName1 and fieldName2. Results are grouped by fieldName3.
- Second-level subtotals for each value of fieldName1. Results are grouped by fieldName2 and fieldName3.
- One grand total row.

:::note
- You can't combine `GROUP BY` and `GROUP BY ROLLUP` syntax in the same statement. For example, `GROUP BY ROLLUP(field1), field2` is not valid as all grouped fields must be within the parentheses.
- If you want to compile a cross-tabular report including subtotals for every possible combination of fields in a `GROUP BY` clause, use [GROUP BY CUBE](/docs/platform/salesforce-soql-sosl/guide/sforce-api-calls-soql-select-groupby-cube.md) instead.
:::

## Grouping By One Rollup Field

This simple example rolls the results up by one field:

```soql
SELECT LeadSource, COUNT(Name) cnt
FROM Lead
GROUP BY ROLLUP(LeadSource)
```

The following table shows the query results. Note that the aggregated results include an extra row with a `null` value for `LeadSource` that gives a grand total for all the groupings. Since there is only one rollup field, there are no other subtotals.

| LeadSource         | cnt  |
| ------------------ | ---- |
| `Web`              | `7`  |
| `Phone Inquiry`    | `4`  |
| `Partner Referral` | `4`  |
| `Purchased List`   | `7`  |
| `null`             | `22` |

## Grouping By Two Rollup Fields

This example rolls the results up by two fields:

```soql
SELECT Status, LeadSource, COUNT(Name) cnt
FROM Lead
GROUP BY ROLLUP(Status, LeadSource)
```

This table shows the query results that include first-level subtotals and grand total rows. These examples use the `COUNT(fieldName)` aggregate function, but the syntax works with any aggregate function. You can also group by three rollup fields, which returns even more subtotal rows.

| Status                       | LeadSource         | cnt  | Comment                                                                                 |
| ---------------------------- | ------------------ | ---- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `Open - Not Contacted`       | `Web`              | `1`  | One lead with `Status` = `Open - Not Contacted` and `LeadSource` = `Web`                |
| `Open - Not Contacted`       | `Phone Inquiry`    | `1`  | One lead with `Status` = `Open - Not Contacted` and `LeadSource` = `Phone Inquiry`      |
| `Open - Not Contacted`       | `Purchased List`   | `1`  | One lead with `Status` = `Open - Not Contacted` and `LeadSource` = `Purchased List`     |
| **`Open - Not Contacted`**   | `null`             | `3`  | First-level subtotal for all leads with `Status` = `Open - Not Contacted`               |
| `Working - Contacted`        | `Web`              | `4`  | Four leads with `Status` = `Working - Contacted` and `LeadSource` = `Web`               |
| `Working - Contacted`        | `Phone Inquiry`    | `1`  | One lead with `Status` = `Working - Contacted` and `LeadSource` = `Phone Inquiry`       |
| `Working - Contacted`        | `Partner Referral` | `3`  | Three leads with `Status` = `Working - Contacted` and `LeadSource` = `Partner Referral` |
| `Working - Contacted`        | `Purchased List`   | `4`  | Four leads with `Status` = `Working - Contacted` and `LeadSource` = `Purchased List`    |
| **`Working - Contacted`**    | `null`             | `12` | First-level subtotal for all leads with `Status` = `Working - Contacted`                |
| `Closed - Converted`         | `Web`              | `1`  | One lead with `Status` = `Closed - Converted` and `LeadSource` = `Web`                  |
| `Closed - Converted`         | `Phone Inquiry`    | `1`  | One lead with `Status` = `Closed - Converted` and `LeadSource` = `Phone Inquiry`        |
| `Closed - Converted`         | `Purchased List`   | `1`  | One lead with `Status` = `Closed - Converted` and `LeadSource` = `Purchased List`       |
| **`Closed - Converted`**     | `null`             | `3`  | First-level subtotal for all leads with `Status` = `Closed - Converted`                 |
| `Closed - Not Converted`     | `Web`              | `1`  | One lead with `Status` = `Closed - Not Converted` and `LeadSource` = `Web`              |
| `Closed - Not Converted`     | `Phone Inquiry`    | `1`  | One lead with `Status` = `Closed - Not Converted` and `LeadSource` = `Phone Inquiry`    |
| `Closed - Not Converted`     | `Partner Referral` | `1`  | One lead with `Status` = `Closed - Not Converted` and `LeadSource` = `Partner Referral` |
| `Closed - Not Converted`     | `Purchased List`   | `1`  | One lead with `Status` = `Closed - Not Converted` and `LeadSource` = `Purchased List`   |
| **`Closed - Not Converted`** | `null`             | `4`  | First-level subtotal for all leads with `Status` = `Closed - Not Converted`             |
| `null`                       | `null`             | `22` | Grand total of 22 leads                                                                 |