SOQL and SOSL Reference

Introduction to SOQL and SOSL
Salesforce Object Query Language (SOQL)
Typographical Conventions in This Document
Quoted String Escape Sequences
Reserved Characters
Alias Notation
SOQL SELECT Syntax
SELECT
TYPEOF
USING SCOPE
WHERE
WITH
GROUP BY
GROUP BY ROLLUP
GROUP BY CUBE
Use Aliases with GROUP BY
Identify Subtotals with GROUP BY
Considerations for GROUP BY
HAVING
ORDER BY
LIMIT
OFFSET
FOR VIEW and FOR REFERENCE
UPDATE
FOR UPDATE
SOQL SELECT Examples
SOQL SELECT Functions
Relationship Queries
Change the Batch Size in Queries
SOQL Object Limits and Limitations
Syndication Feed SOQL and Mapping Syntax
Location-Based SOQL Queries
Considerations for Querying Currency Data Using SOQL
Salesforce Object Search Language (SOSL)
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Considerations for GROUP BY

Understand the special behavior and limitations for using the GROUP BY clause in SOQL queries.
  • Some object fields have a field type that doesn’t support grouping. You can't include fields with these field types in a GROUP BY clause.

    To check whether a field supports grouping, you can use SOAP API or REST API to make a describe call for the object that contains the field. For each field, the response includes a boolean groupable attribute that defines whether you can include the field in a GROUP BY clause. To check whether a field supports grouping for standard objects, you can also check the properties for the field in the Object Reference for Salesforce and Lightning Platform.

  • You must use a GROUP BY clause if your query has a LIMIT clause and an aggregated function. For example, the following query is valid:
    1SELECT Name, Max(CreatedDate)
2FROM Account
3GROUP BY Name
4LIMIT 5

    The following query is invalid as there’s no GROUP BY clause:

    1SELECT MAX(CreatedDate)
2FROM Account LIMIT 1
  • You can't use child relationship expressions that use the __r syntax in a query that uses a GROUP BY clause. For more information, see Understanding Relationship Names, Custom Objects, and Custom Fields.
  • In SOAP API, queries that include a GROUP BY clause can't use the queryMore() call to get more results.
  • In REST API, queries that include a GROUP BY clause can’t use the query locator to get more results.
  • Formula fields can't be grouped.