Apex provides several built-in classes to work with HTTP services and create HTTP requests like GET, POST, PUT, and DELETE.
You can use these HTTP classes to integrate to REST-based services. They also allow you to integrate to SOAP-based web services as an alternate option to generating Apex code from a WSDL. By using the HTTP classes, instead of starting with a WSDL, you take on more responsibility for handling the construction of the SOAP message for the request and response.
To deploy or package Apex, 75% of your code must have test coverage. By default, test methods don’t support HTTP callouts, so tests that perform callouts fail. Enable HTTP callout testing by instructing Apex to generate mock responses in tests, using Test.setMock.
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