Lightning Components Developer’s Guide

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Finding Components by ID

Retrieve a component by its ID in JavaScript code. For example, you can add a local ID of button1 to the ui:button component.

1swfobject.registerObject("clippy.codeblock-0", "9");<ui:button aura:id="button1" label="button1"/>
2

You can find the component by calling cmp.find("button1"), where cmp is a reference to the component containing the button. The find() function has one parameter, which is the local ID of a component within the markup.

You can also retrieve a component by its global ID, which is an ID generated during runtime. 
1swfobject.registerObject("clippy.codeblock-1", "9");var comp = $A.getCmp(globalId);
For example, the ui:button component renders as an HTML button element with this markup.
1<button class="default uiButton" data-aura-rendered-by="30:463;a">...</button>
Retrieve the component by using $A.getCmp("30:463;a").